Differences Between Ww1 & Ww2

Compare & Contrast Most people would agree that all wars are terrible and have great affects on everyone in its path. Some believe that all wars are the same, each war ending with deaths, casualties and destruction. Now, two very important wars, World War One and World War Two easily did just that. Both of these wars involved multiple countries to fight in it. These two wars were extremely great in size compared to most other wars. Although World War One and World War Two were both worldwide wars they are very different in a war tactics and women’s roles.World War One and World War Two were known for using major war tactics. Trench Warfare was invented by the Germans and was later discovered to be one of the worst war tactics. It was a tactic where trenches were dug underground for soldiers to live in and wait for battle. Military troops fought to break through enemy lines by attacking the suicide chargers who ran into machine gun fire. Machine guns were new in this time and w ere becoming a popular war weapon. While World War two used the tactic of Blitzkrieg which was very different approach compared to trench warfare.Blitzkrieg was a war tactic that involved suddenly and quickly attacking the enemy on land as well as in the air. Leaving the enemy blindsided by the sudden attack. Both of theses great wars also had different takes on women’s roles. In World War One women began to take on roles primarily meant for men. Such as post women, bus conductors, farming and plenty more. Women were not only taking on roles meant for men but the overall employment rate increased for even traditional women’s jobs.In this period in time, women were beginning to gain more respect for showing that they could work at various jobs. While World War Two is much like World War One when it comes to women roles, it does however have a major difference. Women during World War Two began to not only take on more jobs but they more specifically began to take part in indirect war roles. Like manufacturing ammunition for the war and working jobs like women snipers, machine gunners, tank drivers and just about everything else that was needed for the military.Despite the fact that World War One and World War Two are both world wars, they were very different in war tactics and women’s roles. From These differences show that over the years not only does time change, but also the growth of technology which can influence war tactics and the growth of the women’s movement continued to expand. It’s great to see the difference between these two great wars because they easily show the amazing changes in social and military growth. If anything World War One and World War Two are nothing alike.

Critical Perspectives on Accounting Essay

In this article Marcus Milne provides critical overview and analysis of literature devoted to establishing evidence for positive accounting theory in regards of corporate social disclosure. The central argument of the paper is that positive accounting theorists are trying to colonize social and environmental accounting research. The present article is empirical research and the author employs qualitative and quantitative data to support the claim that positive accounting theory of social disclosure has failed in its endeavor. The author’s purpose is to challenge the perceptions of positive accounting theory and to illustrate why efforts of theorists to social and environmental accounting has failed. The author focuses on the original work of Watts and Zimmerman and tends to present their concern and ideas with the lobbying behavior observed in US oil companies. The companies were claimed to be monopolists and self-interested politicians that had pursued mainly wealth transfers in the form of taxes and other political costs. For them, social responsibility is passing remark. The article is useful to my research topic as Milne suggests that modern businesses and companies should be more concerned with social and environmental responsibility as our world’s resources are not unlimited. The main limitation of the article is that only one original work is incorporated – the article presents one viewpoint without presenting multiple views on the problem. The author indicates that literature on positive accounting theory has failed to provide arguments for self-interested managers’ wealth maximizes. The article will be useful supplementary information for my research on social and environmental responsibility.

Swine Flu Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Swine Flu - Research Paper Example   The article states that the 2009 outbreak of the disease was a pandemic and now after 4 years it is occurring widely in different states. Swine flu was originally a respiratory disease found in pigs. The article further gives an overview of the conditions of the states affected. The State of California has been affected most severely with 243 deaths which were higher than the previous year. In San Francisco, the hospitals are flooded with patients with flu symptoms, and to prevent any chances of communicability tents were set in the gardens of hospitals for such patients. The article reported that the death of a woman in Sacramento by this disease created a buzz among people. The woman died within 3 days of the appearance of symptoms but she did not get an injection for the flu. The article also explained the views of some doctors who explained that the disease is worrisome and it has been included in the flu vaccines, but the efficacy of the vaccine is 50-70 %. The article concl udes by stating that the reoccurrence of such disease makes the flu vaccination a mandatory, and the strains of H1N1 occurring in America are more virulent than anywhere in the world. Swine flu was an epidemic disease but it’s become a pandemic (Cha, 2014). The epidemiological triangle of the disease involves an agent, environment and host. According to the article, the agent that caused the disease was the virulent virus H1N1 and its strains. The outbreak of the disease was seasonal as it surfaced in the flu season.  

CIF Contracts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

CIF Contracts - Essay Example This law essay outlines peculiar features of CIF contracts. Cost, insurance and freight (CIF) denotes that the vendor delivers when the products pass the ship's bar in the port of consignment. A CIF contract needs the seller to ship at the port of consignment the required products in the underlying agreement of sale, to acquire a agreement of carriage (bill of lading) under which the products will be delivered to the established destination, to organize for insurance that will be obtainable for the advantage of the buyer, to formulate a commercial invoice and lastly to tender these papers to the purchaser who must be prepared and willing to pay the cost of the consigned products. In such a scenario, the ownership of the products may pass either on consignment or on delivery of the documents. The risk normally passes on consignments or as from shipments, but ownership does not pass pending the documents which symbolizes the products are provided in exchange for the cost. As an outcome , the purchaser, after acceptance of the documents, can claim against the transporter for infringement of the agreement of carriage and against the underwriter for any loss enclosed by the policy. In accordance to a CIF contract, the buyer is required to pay against the tender of a genuine bill of lading that guarantees the products contracted to be sold, an insurance document and a saleable invoice that indicates the price.4 The buyer is obliged to make payment against the tender of the respective papers of contract notwithstanding of fact that the products have been damaged or lost at maritime after the shipment.5 In the incident of loss, such as case of study, the buyer (N&Y Ltd) must pay the value on provision of the documents and necessary remedies, if any, will be against the transporter as indicated in the bill of lading or aligned to the underwriter as per the insurance agreement, but not against the seller (A&W Ltd) under the agreement of sale. If the purchaser declines to pay (as indicated in this case) against the papers without any legal justification, the buyer shall be legally responsible to compensate the seller for damage that may outcome, as enacted in Article 150 within the Commercial Transactions Law (Meiselles 2013). Under a CIF agreement, the seller performs the requirements by providing the documents to the buyer. The seller is not required to deliver the products to the agreed destination but the seller is under a negative responsibility not to avert the goods from being delivered to the buyer at their premises. This might be executed by deterring the carrier from delivering products to the buyer or by transferring them to a diverse destination (Meiselles 2013). However, if the agreement contains a section that imposes on the seller an obligation to transport the products to the contracted destination, it is not regarded as a CIF agreement, even if the documents of ‘CIF’ emerge in the contract.   Not all agreements that ar e expressed to be CIF agreements are such. According to Article 155 of the Commercial Transactions Law,6 it is stated that ’a contract which encloses such status as will make the seller accountable for

Author & Aposs Bias Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Author & Aposs Bias - Essay Example Thus the picture of the diet of hominids can be so hazy judging from what they present as evidence of them hunting and gathering fruits. The writer argues that organisms will select their foods based on their profitability and accessibility. Thus in a variety of foods, any organism will go first for the most nutritious and then in a case where the profitable foods are scarce then the animal tends to broaden their diet to acquire the nutritious components from diverse foods. Secondly, the evidence given does not give credible information about the importance of such foods and thus lacks a critical argument that would set hominids aside from other living primates. This is because the foods the researcher's list is all eaten regularly by monkeys and other apes. Thirdly, that the prescriptions in the argument about the diet of our ancestors have been drawn from mere observations of the modern humans whose lifestyle is at least a partial hunter-like and gatherer in a manner of existence. This is based on the observations that scientist make on those who have chosen a feeding mannerism that is closely similar to the hunters and gatherers by way of their diet choices and preferences. The author’s bias is therefore that the evolution of hominids is not supposed to be argued based on forage strategy as the mere reason they evolved to the current existing humans. He argues that rather a flexible combination of both social and ecological adjustments that evolved over time due to the search for better life options. The social adjustments can be understood as the adjustments around the social nature of beings that include communication, organizations among others. The ecological would then include diet modification habitat and among others.

The Financial Perspective bus 499 case 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Financial Perspective bus 499 case 3 - Essay Example As an initial step to solve the issue, new personnel were appointed at the top level of the organization. The newly appointed chairman, Bob Sleelert put forth the new strategy to be followed whereas the new Chief Executive Officer, Kevin Roberts played the crucial role of implementing the new strategy. The balanced scorecard was set up which was led by the CompaSS director, Paul Melter. The goals were set up by the new management team with a finance perspective. The main objective was to grow the revenue base better than the market. Target was also set to convert 30 percent of that increase as the operating profit and to increase the earnings per share. A detailed strategy was set up by the management in order to achieve the goals and objectives. Though the company was working efficiently, the different business units were not adding value to the company from the finance perspective. Hence a vision for the new strategy was set up that the company has to be creatively brilliant and financially secure. But the management also knew that the company has to give careful consideration to the needs of its client base, both new and existing, as it was impossible to achieve the targets without the continued support from the customers. A ‘lead’, ‘drive’ and ‘prosper’ strategy was applied to segregate the business units based on the value of the units to the company on the whole. The ‘lead’ group was the leading revenue and value generators for the company, followed by drive and prosper in that order. This was mainly in the finance perspective, as identifying the lead business units will enable the company to focus on these units. The management can then aggressively look for investment opportunities in these business units. As these were the main revenue generating units and had high potential for growth, the management believed that focusing and investing in these territories will help attain the company’s financial

Thomas Jefferson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Thomas Jefferson - Essay Example In his opinion, Alexander was different from his peers and would relieve the people from oppression. Jefferson believed that the monarchy system was a flawed system, but also understood that not all societies had reached the level required to sustain a republic. He had a great admiration for Tsar Alexander and even wrote to him constantly to commend him for his good character. He believed that Alexander was an enlightened monarch who would alleviate the suffering of his people. He even asked Alexander to mediate the ongoing dispute between the United States and Britain. The author of the ‘Three Emperors’ feels that it is because of this admiration for Alexander that Jefferson accepted the gift. In the parlor, President Jefferson placed the bust opposite the bust of Napoleon to show that the two were totally different. The author of this book feels that these two rulers were not different from each other, but just had different ways of doing the same thing. The author feels that the distinction should have been Jefferson and the European rulers. Jefferson was concerned with access to land and the international trade for the state to flourish. The author states that Jefferson was pragmatic in the means he used to achieve the success of his people, although he was guided by clear ideological visions. Jefferson used statecraft means to achieve his goals of protecting the interests of the people of America from a world that he believed was hostile. Jefferson’s way of leadership showed that he belonged to the idealist school of thought that believes that the policies that determine action in America, should be based on moral principles. Jefferson was able to achieve his long-term diplomatic success by using moral principles and a righteous tone. He envisioned a world where disputes between nations were resolved amicably without resulting in war. He used different means to attain whatever he wanted, but the results were consistent. I would hold

State of current US Economy Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

State of current US Economy - Term Paper Example The rise in growth is primarily due to the contribution of positive factors such as increase consumption, increased volumes of exports and growing in domestic investments. The increase in imports was also registered in the second quarter. This increase was likely influenced by the stronger dollar. The real GDP and the potential GDP were closely compatible in the years that preceeded the great recession. However, the real GDP shrunk dramatically during the recession. This contraction continued for some time until in 2009 when a slight improvement was registered. Despite the increase, the contraction of the real GDP is still evident since the output gap in the second quarter of 2014 stood at $655000.2 The stronger GDP figures have also been tied to stronger job reports. For example, the growth between January and October was registered due to 200000 additional jobs on monthly. The low-skilled and low paying sectors of the economy also played a crucial role in resuscitating the economy. These sectors include retail and drinking places. The lowest unemployment rate was recorded and it stood at 5.8%. The unemployment is said to be the lowest since 2008. Thus, it indicates that the US economy is on a positive trajectory. Even though there was a lower rate of unemployment, the rates remain high. Some people are employed on part time in the United States and account for 7 million of the employed class. 2.2 million People are marginally attached hence indicates the existence of weak labor participation in the job markets. There has been reduced labor participation since 2009. This rate has been less than 66%. The implication of the low labor participation is that United States economy underutilizes its labor resources.3 Under normal economic circumstances, the economy should be able to encourage a high participation of the labor resources. People with various skills and talents should be willing to take part in the recruitment process to enable them

Advanced Managerial Accounting Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Advanced Managerial Accounting Report - Essay Example Both articles illustrate the advantages associated with using target costing. The project phases of the M-Class project were concept phase, risk and opportunities, project realization, goal oriented, and production phase. At Mercedes Benz the usage of target costing was first brought to the company by the engineering staff, not the accountants. A company that was mentioned in article 8.1 was Olympus. This company made the change from cost targets to target costing. At Mercedes Benz target costing was a logical choice because the company was designing the product from scratch and at the same time it was introducing a new production facility. To be successful with target costing companies have to consider a variety of factors including price led costing, customer orientation, focus on product and process design, cross functional teams, life cycle cost reductions, and value chain

European football vs American football Essay Example for Free

European football vs American football Essay Football = foot + ball. How could a word so simple be so ambiguous? One could only imagine the word football to mean usage of the feet to maneuver some sort of ball. And this is true, in one type of â€Å"football† European football. Football played all over Europe involves people literally kicking a ball with their feet into a net. But when referring to football in America, the game has nothing to do with kicking, or even feet. American football is actually a game with primary focus on throwing, catching carrying the ball with the hands. In the world of sports, the biggest culture shock when you cross over the pond is the relative popularity of European football rather then that of American football. Football, the name given to both of these games, would never have been called football if it werent for the early days when the sports first originated. American football resulted from several major divergences from the European game of rugby in the late 1800‘s. This American game could just as easily have been called American rugby, but because everyone elsewhere was calling it â€Å"football†, the name stuck. Besides, in those days, the game was more more kicking orientated. It was only when the forward pass was legalized and kicks were limited to those taken from behind the line of scrimmage that the feet began to play a less prominent role in the American game. Professional American football began in 1892. In 1920, the American Professional Association was formed, but changed its name to the National Football League (NFL) two years later. On the contrary, European football was born in England in 1863, when eleven private clubs and schools met at London’s Freemason’s Tavern and agreed to come up with rules for a game that would differ from rugby, strictly by not permitting the use of the hands. This game of â€Å"football† quickly spread from England to Scotland, Wales and Ireland, all of which had organized football associations in place by 1880. Even though they hold the same name, and began in the same era, people everywhere view American football and European football as two completely different sports. Both of these sports, each being the most popular within their respective origin, attract millions of viewers all around the world. There are Europeans who love American football, and there are Americans who are die hard European soccer fans. American and European football share several similarities in the rules, terminology, strategy, and competitiveness of the game. But, they also have an even greater number of differences, including the usage of hands, number of players, scoring tactics, field size, game time and much more. To begin, the breakdown of the major football organizations is done completely different. The largest, and most popular football organization in the United States is the National Football League, better known as the NFL. The NFL is then broken into two different conferences. They are the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conferences (NFC). Both the AFC and the NFC each currently contain 16 teams each. These 16 teams are then broken into smaller divisions, each with four teams: the AFC/NFC East, North, South and West. The largest, and most popular football organization in England is the English Premier League. The Premier League is at the very top of the English football league system, and is the country’s primary football competition. Unlike the NFL, the Premier League does not have any smaller conferences within the league. The Premier league is simply made up of 20 different clubs. The Premier League operates on a system of promotion and relegation. This means that every year, the bottom 3 finishers are relegated from the Premier League, to the division below, which is called the Championship. Those 3 teams are then replaced in the Premier League for the next season by 3 of the best teams from the Championship. A major difference between the two games is the usage of padding worn during the game. American football players are covered and protected in padding from head to toe. They wear everything from thigh pads, to chest pads to a big helmet on their head. However, European football player’s bodies are completely exposed. The only piece of padding they wear are shin guards to shield the lower area of their legs. Penalties, and how they are allocated during the games are also very different. In American football, a yellow flag is thrown onto the field by the referee when something has been done wrong. This way, the whole team suffers from the penalty. In European football, the referee will hand out a series of colored cards to specific players when they do something wrong or offensive. In this manner, only the specific player suffers. Both kinds of football players use their hands differently to improve performance. American football players are required to carry the ball with their hands to maintain possession. European football players, except for the goalkeeper, are restricted from using their hands to touch or carry the ball. European football players must rely on their feet to pass, dribble, or move the ball, whereas American football players are only allowed to use their feet during kickoffs, field goals and punts. Although, both American and European football have goal lines that indicate a successful offensive play, the scoring is different. In American football, when a team advances the ball across the goal line, the team is awarded six points, with the chance to add one or two extra points from an extra-point kick or two point conversion. European football teams, however, are only awarded one point for each goal. As a result of this, European football matches are generally lower scoring than football games. The game time of the two sports is differs greatly. American football is split into four 15-minute quarters with a 2-minute intermission between the first and second quarters and third and fourth quarters. A 12-minute halftime is allowed between the second and third quarters. A separate play clock is then used to limit the offensive time to a maximum of 40 seconds between plays. On the contrary, the plays in European football are continuous. The matches include two 45-minute halves with a continuously running clock and a 15-minute halftime. Because European football is continuous, there are no TV timeouts. This is completely different from American football where they have several TV timeouts throughout the game, in which you are forced to see to see advertisements for McDonalds and Coors Light. From personal experience, I can honestly say that being a spectator at both games is very different. Living in London, I was blessed with the opportunity, to attend a Milwall (Championship League) football game. The attendance at the match included an extremely high percentage of men. (Being a girl, I even felt out of place. ) Just like many sporting arenas, there were drunk people everywhere. But, I was surprised to find out that alcohol was not permitted in the actual stadium. I live in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and attend Philadelphia Eagles game at least once a season. The Philadelphia Eagles are a NFL team, in the NFC East conference. Attending the Milwall game, and any Philadelphia Eagles game was very different. There are women everywhere at NFL games, and I never feel like I â€Å"don’t belong† in the stadium. Alcohol is also permitted in the NFL stadiums, but at most stadiums, it is limited to purchasing 2 containers per persons over the age of 21. I also had the privilege of being in Ireland to watch two of the biggest 7 Nations rugby games. On Saturday 16 March 2013, I was able to sit in a pub with some fellow Irish friends, who live in Cork, and watch the games. First we watched the Italy vs Ireland game. It was amazing to see how the Irish supported their team to the very end. Ireland had gone into the game with no chance of winning the 7 Nations, but it was still a huge game for the fans, and they supported their team until the very end. The Wales vs England game followed the Ireland vs Italy game. One of my good friends’s (that I was watching the match with) father used to play rugby for Wales. It was such an amazing experience watching the game in Ireland with him. Wales came out and beat England in the end. The pub went crazy and everyone was estatic. Living in America, it was so amusing to me to see how popular of a sport rugby is all over Europe, especially in Ireland and Wales. Although these two games of â€Å"football† include many differences in the ways they are played, they do have share several similarities. American and European football are both team sports that require the collaboration of teammates to reach one common goal. The objective for American football is to score s touchdown, while in European football, a team’s goal is to progress the ball up the field together and put the ball into the opposing team’s net. But, nonetheless, the objective for both games is to score the most points and win the game. Both American and European football are also very aggressive sports where players are always at a risk of getting injured. Both sports also feature two opposing squads of 11 players. While European football players from a single unit, American football players are assigned to offense, defense, or special teams, but even still there are always 11 players on each team on the field at one time. Although the two games share a common name, they are extremely different. The biggest difference being that European football players use their feet while American football focus on a the usage of myriad ways to advance the ball with their hands. Other smaller differences that set the two games apart from each other include the scoring tactics, game time, padding worn and much more. But, regardless of all their differences, the two sports share a common objective. That common objective is the goal to score more points then the opposing team and win the game. Having the opportunity to live in London has made me much more attentive and interested in the game of European football. Works Cited BBC News. BBC, 06 June 2012. Web. 26 Mar. 2013. Matthew Berry. 100 Facts You Should know. ESPN. ESPN Internet Ventures, 27 July 2012. Web. 26 Mar. 2013. Premier League. Yahoo! Eurosport UK. N. p. , n. d. Web. 26 Mar. 2013. Statistics and Facts on the NFL | Statista. Statista RSS. N. p. , n. d. Web. 26 Mar. 2013. The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, n. d. Web. 26 Mar. 2013.

The Supporting People Programme And Housing Problems Social Work Essay

The Supporting People Programme And Housing Problems Social Work Essay This essay examines the Supporting People programme, a scheme introduced on 1st April 2003 with the aim of addressing the housing needs of societys most vulnerable individuals (Supporting People, 2009). Firstly, the programme will be described, followed by a focus on how it actively seeks to involve individuals with disabilities and complex health and support needs to be involved in their support and care arrangements. The Supporting People programme is a decentralised programme delivered through 152 authorities and by voluntary, community, and housing associations. At any one time, the programme can be supporting as many as one million people from a range of disadvantaged groups. Service users include older people, the homeless, those with mental health issues, and women at risk of domestic violence. The Supporting People Quality Assessment Framework (QAF) agreed a new core objective that would focus on service user involvement and empowerment. This objective is aimed at cutting across all core objectives and involves a commitment to supporting independence, informed choice, consulting with service users, and offering opportunities to be involved in the running of the Supporting People services. Some of the service user involvement initiatives currently underway are discussed throughout this essay. Sitra, a registered charity offering policy, training and consultancy for housing with care and support, are a charity who are working closely with central government and national bodies to ensure that the views and perspectives of the sector, and the vulnerable people that it supports are represented and understood (Sitra, 2011a, p.1). In their efforts to achieve this, they have introduced the concept of partnership working between organisations and service users. Partnership working is aimed at involving and empowering people in improving services and the experience of using them. This actively supports the governments Personalisation Agenda, which places a huge emphasis on the inclusion of service users in the design and delivery of services (Dickinson and Glasby, 2010). Sitra also run two training courses in client involvement, which are co-produced and co-delivered by staff and service users. One of the training programmes is entitled Client Engagement: Getting the Thinking Right (Sitra 2011b). This course is designed to challenge organisations to find new ways of working that encourage and actively seek to involve service users. A second training program, entitled Client Engagement: Making it a Reality, emphasises how the way staff communicate, listen, gather feedback and involve service users has an impact on service user involvement (Sitra, 2011c). Through such training programmes, organisations are provided with ideas and models for service user involvement. At a local level, Westminster have been involving service users in their support and care arrangements via the Mental Health Service Users Panel (Supporting People, 2007). The panel comprises a group of service users who work with the council in the planning and development of present and future housing projects to meet the needs of local people. Initiatives such as this one directly support the Tenants Services Authority (TSA), which has highlighted service user participation as a key component for Registered Social Landlords (TSA, 2008). Indeed, under the Supporting People Quality Assessment Framework (QAF) housing related support and care providers are now required to place service users at the centre of their strategic plans in efforts to demonstrate quality service provision and achieve level A standard (i.e. evidenced examples where no standards score C). Even to achieve level C (minimum required standard), providers need to demonstrate that they have fully engaged with service users (TSA, 2010). Another local initiative demonstrating how the Supporting People programme has been working towards service user involvement is NOAH Enterprise (Gill, 2010). NOAH Enterprise is a charity based in Luton (Bedfordshire) designed to help people who are homeless or contending with issues around exclusion. Service user involvement is claimed to be an integral part of the way of life at NOAH Enterprise, with examples being that service users are involved in helping in their Welfare Centre or at retail outlets. There is also the opportunity to learn transferable skills in workshops, thus empowering service users towards independence. Every volunteer and service user who helps NOAH Enterprise over a 3-month period receives a certificate of achievement, thus demonstrating the active encouragement of service user involvement. There are also a number of events that have been organised around client involvement, including a client involvement conference to be held in mid-2011 (Sitra, 2011c). This conference has been co-organised by staff and service users, demonstrating new ways of working together in partnership being put into practice. A similar conference was held in January 2010, which included participation and presentations from both staff and service users. One problem confronted by the Supporting People programme in their service user involvement efforts has been lack of support from some tenants, especially in sheltered accommodation (Audit Commission, 2009). However, regular audits conducted since the inception of the Supporting People programme have primarily highlights the benefits of these service user involvement initiatives. Such benefits include improvements in tailored support through active service user involvement (Audit commission 2005). The Audit Commission report that the Supporting People approach to service user inclusion and staff and service user partnership has helped move many providers from a more paternalistic approach to one where service users are able to influence services. Furthermore, increased service user involvement was a key feature of those authorities who received higher inspection scores. Such findings are supported by an evaluation conducted by Cameron et al. (2007) that found that integrating service s to support people with complex needs is most effective when the service is determined by the characteristics of the service user. References Audit Commission., 2009. Supporting People Programme 2005-2009. [online]. Available from: http://www.audit-commission.gov.uk/SiteCollectionDocuments/Downloads/spprogramme200509acfinalreportclg.pdf [cited 03 April 2011]. Cameron, A., et al., 2007. The challenges of joint working: lessons from the Supporting People health pilot evaluation. International Journal of Integrated Care, 7, 1-9. Dickinson, H. and Glasby, J., 2010. Third Sector Research Centre Working Paper 30 The personalisation agenda: implications for the third sector. [online]. Available from: http://www.tsrc.ac.uk/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=U8tazrnMZ%2Bs%3Dtabid=500 [cited 03 April 2011]. Gill, S., 2010. Positive outcomes and service user involvement. Bulletin. NOAH Enterprise. Sitra., 2011a. [online]. Policy and public affairs. [online]. Available from: http://www.sitra.org.uk/policy_and_public_affairs/ [cited 03 April 2011]. Sitra., 2011b. Client engagement: getting the thinking right [online]. Available from: http://www.sitra.org/1230/ [cited 03 April 2011]. Sitra., 2011c. Client involvement in housing support and care: Sharing and learning good practice. [online]. Available from: http://www.sitra.org/client_involvement_conference/ [cited 03 April 2011]. Supporting People, 2007. Supporting people newsletter. [online]. http://www3.westminster.gov.uk/docstores/publications_store/Supporting%20People_V6.pdf [cited 03 April 2011]. Supporting People, 2009. The Supporting People Programme. Thirteenth Report of Session 2008-09 Volume I, House of Commons Communities and Local Government Committee. London: The Stationery Office Limited. Tenant Services Authority (TSA), 2010. Quality Assessment Framework (QAF) Regulatory framework for social housing in England from April 2010. [online]. Available from: http://www.tenantservicesauthority.org/server/show/ConWebDoc.20175 [cited 03 April 2011]. Tenant Services Authority (TSA), 2008. Regulatory guidance for registered social landlords. [online]. Available from: http://www.tenantservicesauthority.org/server/show/ConWebDoc.15355 [cited 03 April 2011].

Feminism in Jane Austen Essay -- essays research papers

Feminism in Jane Austen "I often wonder how you can find time for what you do, in addition to the care of the house; and how good Mrs. West could have written such books and collected so many hard works, with all her family cares, is still more a matter of astonishment! Composition seems to me impossible with a head full of joints of mutton and doses of rhubarb." -- Jane Austen, letter of September 8 1816 to Cassandra "I will only add in justice to men, that though to the larger and more trifling part of the sex, imbecility in females is a great enhancement of their personal charms, there is a portion of them too reasonable and too well informed themselves to desire any thing more in woman than ignorance." -- Northanger Abbey "...when a young lady professes to be of a different opinion from her friends, it is only a prelude to something worse. -- She begins by saying that she is determined to think for herself, and she is determined to act for herself -- and then it is all over with her" -- the character of Mrs. Stanhope in chapter 6 of Maria Edgeworth's Belinda [Here basically "friends"="family"] Jane Austen a feminist? That has not been the traditional view (in 1870, Anthony Trollope declared that "Throughout all her works, a sweet lesson of homely household womanly virtue is ever being taught"), but once the question has been asked (which it was not, until relatively recently), it is not hard to see some feminist tendencies. Of course, Jane Austen is not a simple ideologue -- when a character in a Jane Austen novel makes a broad statement that seems to stand up for women in general, this is actually usually done by an unsympathetic character (such as Isabella Thorpe in Northanger Abbey or Mrs. Elton in Emma), and is not meant to be taken seriously. In Pride and Prejudice the main example is Caroline Bingley's statement to Darcy that "Eliza Bennet is one of those young ladies who seek to recommend themselves to the other sex by undervaluing their own, and with many men, I dare say, it succeeds. But, in my opinion, it is a paltry device, a very mean art." Here Caroline Bingley is "undervaluing" Elizabeth, and Darcy sees through her easily. Conversely, Henry Tilney's teasing remarks on the subject of women during the walk from Bath to Beechen Cliff in Northanger Abbey are no... ...in my life which had not something to say upon woman's inconstancy. ... But perhaps you will say, these were all written by men." Anne Elliot: "Perhaps I shall. -- Yes, yes, if you please, no reference to examples in books. Men have had every advantage of us in telling their own story. Education has been theirs in so much higher a degree; the pen has been in their hands. I will not allow books to prove anything." Northanger Abbey not only contains the "Defence of the Novel", but what has seemed to me to be a strong statement -- Catherine Morland's faux-naà ¯f declaration: "But history, real solemn history, I cannot be interested in... I read it a little as a duty, but it tells me nothing that does not either vex or weary me. The quarrels of popes and kings, with wars or pestilences, in every page; the men so good-for-nothing, and hardly any women at all -- it is very tiresome." Here the last sentence is as succinct a summary as one could wish of the objections of feminist historiography, social history, and/or the Annales school to the traditional "Great Man" theory of history. (See also Jane Austen's own farcical History of England.)

Interview with a Residential Advisor :: Interview Essay

As a residental advisor, Stephanie R worked in the academic setting in the last three years during her undergraduate years. For three years, her benefical experiences has been increased. The scope of problem she worked with the variety of problemic issues and developed a relationship with residents of the dorminity. Residents, residential advisors, Cooridators of Residental Education (CRE), and Graduate Assistants worked together in their dorm sites. The teamwork of dorms had to provide the workshops, advices, followed up with safety factors, and monitored their dorm sites. For residental advisors, their duties were largely responsible. The primary duty was safety for residents in their dorms. For example, using drug substances were major issue when it came to overdosed or allergic to them suddenly, it has to be involved with residental advisor for witness and incident report. Following up with residents after incidents were important. 　　　Before semester begins, they attended to training from two to four days. Most workshops provided the variety of topics that would prepare Residental Advisors handle the situations, residents, and personal incidents. For example, educational workshops were required of their projects. Another example, the guest speaker from non profit organization gave a presentation about domestic violences, destructive relationships, stalkers, and addictions. When residents experienced the domestic violence situations, they would make a report to residential advisors. Residential Advisors had to call their bosses to be involved. From morning to the late afternoons, they had activities and lunch breaks. They were covered by room and meal during their training days. 　　　The prevention programs were successfully approved by residents. When residents had their good relationships with their residential advisors on their floor, residential advisors provided the workshops. They came by and listened what their residental advisors wanted to educate and exchange the information with them. When their workshops ended, residents filled the survey forms and evaluated the presentation style. 　　　For example, self defensive workshop was effective and resourceful. In second year of the residential advisor professional, Stephanie and her co-worker required to present the educational workshop for residents. They in advanced asked the experienced and professional karate belt resident. He was engaged in the workshop that would help residents to know the basic self defensive tools. The main topic of workshop was how to protect yourself from harmful situations or people by using self defensive techniques. Before workshop started, residents signed the consent form that would not sue for injuries and understand the risks.

No Love Lost Essay -- Literary Analysis, A Doll’s House

For a play about marriage A Doll’s House does not have much love in it. All of the characters claim to love each other, but are really concealing other emotions. The expectations of society have forced them into love that they do not feel. This false love is what causes them to fall apart in the end. The play is riddled with marriages that are born out of convenience or expectation rather than love. Every character only loves in ways that they are expected to, and only continue to love for convenience’s sake. There is no love in A Doll’s House. Torvald treats Nora as a child, not an equal; he is not really in love with her. The most glaring examples of this are his pet names for her. He likes to think of her as a small, delicate creature that needs saving and protecting. Although this may seem like normal fare for a loving marriage, he takes it too far. Nora is not the type of woman that appreciates this sort of treatment, so it turns from affectionate to demeaning. He thinks that demeaning his wife is not only acceptable, but normal for a relationship saying â€Å"I wouldn’t be a man if your feminine vulnerability didn’t make you doubly attractive to me†(82). This is not a good base for their relationship, as it prevents him from giving Nora the kind of attention that she needs. She does not need the kind of doting attention that he gives her, she wants to talk as an equal. She want to be â€Å"bothered †¦ with all sorts of problems [she] couldn’t possibly helped [him] to cope with† (84) as that would allow her to help her with his life, and give them the kind of relationship that Nora needs to survive. He does not love her, he loves treating her this way. As a matter of fact, Nora describes his relationship with her best, when she says... ... â€Å"[he’ll] be able to find a way to redeem [himself] in people’s eyes†(69). He does not love her, he needs the social support. They have found each other after having being lost for many years, but it is not a romantic reunion. It is a calculation on both of their parts for their own greater individual happiness. A Doll’s House contains many relationships, but all of them are bad. From convenience to infatuation, Ibsen’s work seems to be a manual on bad reasons to love someone. Every single character has some personalized version of love, and none of them seem to bear any resemblance to real love. Whether they find it convenient to love for respect or because love was their only choice at the time, none of them know real love. It is as though Ibsen wanted to show how some of the many reasons for love at the time were wrong and would lead to problems later in life.

Jaws: An analysis of the suspense techniques used in the film and the effects that they had upon the audience

Lay back and imagine, you are on a beach; the sun currents lightly burn you skin. You are in captivating and enchanting surrounding like laughter from young and old. You go into the calming blue ocean, in the thought that you are going to have a pleasant and moderate swim. But could there be a huge blood-hungry shark in the water? Could it have heard the vibrations of your movement and is now coming to consume you? This was indeed what happened in the film ‘Jaws'. In this essay, I will be examining the suspense techniques used in the film and the intended effect upon the audience – what makes Jaws scary? The unique film Jaws was made in the year 1975and directed by Steven Spielberg, who was only twenty seven at the time. The film is based upon Peter Benchley's No1 bestseller and he also wrote the screenplay. Jaws broke all box office records to become the biggest box office hit of it's time. It grossed an amazing sum of $260.000.000. The two scenes I am going to focus on from the film are the opening scene where Chrissie is attacked and the following scene where Alex is attacked. Jaws is set in the small town of Amity Island on the coast of Florida. Firstly, I am going to analyze what happens in the opening scene of the play. At the start of the scene there is a young people's party on the beach. The director uses panoramic shot of the shark then uses a panning shot of the young people at the party. He uses these techniques to create tense and suspense, makes us think about who is going to be attacked; who is the victim of this inevitable horror? Another technique used at the start of the party on the beach is laughter and soft music to relax us, but never-the-less we hear sound of waves in the background to remind us of the shark. Suddenly a woman leaves her boy friend on the beach and goes swimming. We are shown a shot of her swimming in the moonlight. The kind of shot used is a Long Shot. The director uses this to show the darkness surrounding her, this makes us makes us nervous and expectant of something horrible to happen. There is darkness in the background throughout the scene because it creates a sense of mystery. As the shark starts to move in for the kill, the music used changes from soft music to the shark's signature tune. This is done so as to increase the tense of the moment. When the shark attacks, the girls is shown in a P.O.V shot from below. The shark then carries the girl in its mouth. This is made to look like a kid having some harmless fun. The intended effect upon the audience is to make it seem a bit less horrible. In the background we hear Jaws signature tune which is increasing tremendously. This is done to increase the tense further. In the middle of the attack the shark suddenly stops, and the girl clings to the buoy as a nerve-racking silence takes over the scene. This creates a feeling of suspense – what is going to happen next? Soon the shark attacks again and finishes her off in a rather quick and painless manner. At the end of the scene we are given a panoramic shot of the beach. All we hear is the sound of waves, and young people talking. I think that the director does this because he wants to end the scene the way he started it, suggesting nothing has happened. This has the effect of making us feel more relaxed. I think that this opening scene is particularly good in building suspense because he uses different types of techniques such as awkward silences and blindness. I now plan to the suspense techniques that Steven Spielberg uses in the scene where a little boy called Alex is seized by the shark. At the start of the scene the camera moves between shots of Chief Brody and the beach. This is done to show us the beach from Brody's eyes (P.O.V shot), and then show his reaction of what is seen. Furthermore we see a black dog playing with its master. The colour black is used to symbolise funeral and death. This tells the audience that the dog could be the victim to the massive messenger of death. A pet dog is used because people will be more likely to have sympathy for a cute Labrador rather than a Pitbull etc. When we see Alex for the first time he asks his mother if he can swim in the water for longer. In response his mother lets him swim an extra five minutes. This makes us think that he is going to be the next victim. Alex is shown with a yellow lilo, which is used to represent light, life, joy etc. We are then shown two good examples of false alarm. The first of these is when we see the shape of the shark in the water, which is actually the hat of a man. Spielberg uses the camera to increase the tension by showing us Chief Brody looking at the ocean. He also has the man coming out of the water in a very slow manner. The other example is when a young lady gets lifted up from the water from below, screaming, with her legs astride. This makes us think that the girl is being attacked by the shark. However, we find the girl is being lifted by her boyfriend. After a set of false alarms, we start to sense some false comfort, but this quickly turns into fear as we are shown the dogs stick flowing in the water with the dog nowhere in sight. Immediately after this we see the shark's eye-view of the boy's legs from below, and the music changes to jaws signature tune, the effect of this is that we know that the boy is, Alex, is going to be attacked. The director, Steven Spielberg, personifies the shark cleverly. The director makes the shark deliberately go past all the people in the water and directly go to the poor little boy – this makes the shark look evil†¦ a human quality. After the attack, the camera is used to show the chaos and fear from the people at the beach. This is intended to make us sense the fear the people on the people on the beach are experiencing. The music also changes from Jaws music to series of chaotic sounds. This is done to increase the panic of the sound. We are then shown the boy's mother on her own on the beach as the other people create a distance from the water, with their children held tightly. Only Alex's mother is missing her child. The kind of shot used here is a long shot. The all music and sound stop so as to make us focus on the mother. Finally, we are shown the punctured lilo being washed up on the shore. It is covered in the boy's blood, which suggests that the life and light has been destroyed by darkness and death. I now hope that your imagination has been satisfied with loads of images from the creative but scary film Jaws. In this essay, I have tried to look in dept the techniques used to make this film spectacularly unique film of its time. Spielberg has made Jaws a wonderfully scary film by taking the suspense techniques to the next step – he uses camera shots and sound to build up suspense e.g. Jaws signature tune. I would recommend this film to people of all ages including my own because this film is one of few films that have taken suspense techniques to the next level. So, next time you go to the beach, will you only be concerned about swimming and pleasure? Or will you be concerned about deadly horrors that might lie beneath the beauty of the water, in the depths of the ocean? The only advice I can give is to watch the film and treat it only as a film, for it is not real. Otherwise, we might risk never going into the waters again!

Establishing Seamless Support

Establishing Seamless Support When dealing with a customer and trying to be able to fix the problem they are having, a support specialist must be able to listen, communicate (verbally and non-verbally), and have the ability or know how to fix the problem. When listening to the customer, take notes so that you do not miss anything. This will allow for the customer to vent and express their problem. Sometimes the customer is mad and just needs to let off some steam, and the support person is the person that has to hear it. Let them get it out and the conversation will go much more smoothly. Communicate to the customer what you will do and how you will do it. Spell it out for them, this will make them feel like they are part of the process and you are doing everything you can for them. When not speaking to the customer, communicate non-verbally so they know that you have their undivided attention. The customer will stay calmer if they know you are taking in everything they are saying. When there has to be some type of compromise, the customer’s needs are first. As a support specialist, we have to remember that we are there to help and not hurt our customers. We want them to continue to come back to the company for all their needs. Once a support specialist can understand that making the customer happy is their objective, then the compromise for an issue is easily obtained.

Music Appreciation Essay

Question 4: Tchaikovsky’s 1812 Overture was a very interesting song; there were many changes through out the piece. It started out sounding like a battle symphony where Tchaikovsky used the instruments to make a choppy sound, which reminded me of a march, as well as gun sounds. He has a great use of crescendo at the beginning. Along with increasing the sound level he also increases the tempo and brings the piece into a dramatic point as all of the instruments join. This includes many different types of instruments: orchestra, woodwind, and percussion. This composer also has a great use of repetition, in the first minute of the song he repeats small sections with the same instrument, but as the song develops he makes this more complicated and repeats longer sections and changes instruments each time. I really like this style because it allows the listener to hear each instrument individually, which is rarely done in a song. Drums are used to keep the beat in this section of the piece, whic h makes the battle feeling stronger and alludes to a heartbeat sound. But it is really the trumpets that stand out in the song and give the beginning of the battle presentation. After the repetition involving different instruments the song begins a decrescendo, this is a great transition into the next big change in the music. A dramatic shift happens and the music turns into a soft, smooth melodic tune that you would dance to at a ball. There is the use of a tiny bell sound that lightens the mood. The notes in this section are much longer and smoother than previously. Also, the woodwinds were taken out during this section and we only hear orchestra. I did not particularly enjoy this song until it transitioned in such a dramatic way; I have never heard such a transition in a piece where it goes from a battle theme to a ball dance theme. This section is very relaxing when compared to the pervious part. We then  transition into the third section and the tempo speeds up, the instruments still include the orchestra and a tambourine was added. The music quickly becomes quiet with a long pause and returns to the sound of the trumpet just like in the beginning of the piece along with the orchestra. There is a great crescendo and all of the instruments join in together, to me this section really clashes due to all the different sounds. This is where the gun shot sound comes in. All of the instruments join in a long scale that continues to decrescendo as the tempo slows. This is a simple part to write but I believe it is a very good part because it makes all of the instruments really need to work to stay together because it would be very obvious if one were a note off on the scale. As the scale ends the instruments instantly come to a loud crash. There are so many bells and trumpets and other instruments playing that it is hard to distinguish what is going on. This part is very repetitive with all of the instruments playing. The song then changes into a faster tempo and I recognize this tune from somewhere else, it is the trumpets and drums mainly playing until the cannon sound returns once again, and we come back to the battle scene. The is a very big, dramatic scale leading into the large bell sounds as the song is ending. All of the instruments then play the same half notes with short pauses between them and end with a long note to finish of the song. Overall, I really enjoyed this piece it was very interesting to listen to and hear all the different ways that the composer switched up the mood in the song. Question 8: Mozart Don Giovanni Act 2 Finale Part 2 Commendatore Scene is a great piece of opera, and I usually do not like opera. This part of the opera takes place in Don Giovanni’s dining room, he is having a feast made for a king when Donna Elvira arrives to tell him that she is no longer mad at him, but he questions why she isn’t and it is because she now pities him. She then asks him to change his lifestyle, but he refuses to and laughs claiming that women and wine are the necessities of mankind. She angrily leaves and then you hear her scream. Don Giovanni tells Leporello to find out why she screamed. He then leaves and comes back frightened as well and jumps under the table. He tells Don Giovanni that the statue he invited from dinner has arrived. Don Giovanni meets him at the door. The statue tells him to repent  for his sins, but just as before he refuses. When he does this a flash appears and the Earth below them opens and the statue pulls him down to hell. When Donna Elvira arrives on the scene the tempo is quick with light music showing the excitement and turn of events, but when she is asking him the important question of changing his lifestyle the music quiets down because he wants you to hear what she is saying to him. Then during his answer the music crescendos as he pokes back at her and gets down on his knees as well. Then as the discussion continues the music is played as the characters speak and stopped when they stop speaking. At the end of their argument they are holding each other and both singing at the same time and while they are doing this music crescendos with their argument to make it more dramatic. Then when she leaves the room and screams the tempo speeds up and gets loud for a second when Leporello screams. When he is explain what is going on to Don Giovanni the tempo increases to its greatest point showing fear and anticipation. When Leporello stomps on the ground to imitate the steps of the statue the music mimics him as he does it, which adds to the effect. We then hear the great set of knocks at the door accompanied by the whole orchestra and woodwinds. As the flash occurs all of the instruments are playing loudly in a sort of frantic way. There then is a long pause before they all come back in together dramatically as the statue enters. The music quiets as the statue begins to talk and this makes his voice sound very loud and booming in a scary way. It then turns to just the orchestra playing this Halloween type of tune that gives off a scary, creepy feeling. As the statue talks again the music quiets, I really like how the composer does this because it really sets his voice apart from the others. As he continues to speak the music in the background does a little scale heightening the anticipation. This continues quietly as they argue back and forth. The music quiets right before the statue makes his big announcement of why he came and they comes back in with a loud burst when he begins to speak. As the statue speak the music gets louder and as he stops speaking it grows quieter to show his authority. When Don Giovanni is answering the music goes back to the orchestra making the Halloween type of music. As they are holding hands the music cuts in and out, playing when Don Giovanni is talking and stopping when the statue is. This music crescendos as the Earth opens beneath them and does not stop until the play does getting louder and  deeper in sound as it goes. Question 5: Wagner’s Die Walkure â€Å"The Ride of the Valkyries† is a very familiar piece to most people because it is used in many other things. The leitmotif is what is so memorable in this song and what has been used so many times. The purpose of the leitmotif is to have a consistent sound that listeners will remember because it continues to repeat over and over again. A motif is very important because it creates a theme, it then links this sound to the story and when people hear this again they will think back to what was going on. This leitmotif has been used for so many different movies and played by so many people. I think the leitmotif is a great way to make a piece stand out, generating a common theme and repeating it over and over will stick it into the listeners minds and they will anticipate and expect it to come and when they are correct it bring a sense of joy. I like the idea of using this type of form; I believe it is very powerful and effective. Question 7: Beethoven’s Symphony No. 5 is my favorite of all of his songs. This is another example of a great motif. The first four notes of this piece set the stage for the rest of the song. It is three short notes (G) followed by a longer note (Eb). The time signature is 2/4 and there is a quarter note rest at the beginning of the bar. This was actually used in World War 2 as ‘dot-dot-dot-dash’ for ‘V’, which stood for victory. This is a very widely known set of four notes. The best part about this piece is the fermata that Beethoven put in the opening because it is an indefinite hold which means that the conductor can hold onto the note as long as he wants.

Chilean Copper Mine Collapse Essay

On August 5, 2010 at San Jose mine in northern Chile a cave collapsed trapping 33 miners more than 2000-feet underground (Weik, n. d. ). This should have been just another day, a normal 12-hour shift at work, but it instead it turned into a 69 day nightmare. Minors did not know it would be the last time for nearly two months they would see the light of day. Miners, much like fire fighters and policemen, know there is a risk in the work they do. Their families also know that there is a risk and accept that someday they may get a call with bad news. Knowing this and seeing it happen are two different things. Communicating with the Families and Employees The families are from different backgrounds and different nationalities this should be taken into consideration when communicating with them. Minera San Esteban Primera would want to have several people involved in communication plan that involved constant communication with families as well as their employees. Some of the people involved with communications should be the same nationality and speak the same language to get the message across as well as make the families feel somewhat at ease. This will help the families feel as though someone understands them and their culture because they are from the same backgrounds. Communication should be organized and planned. The families from other places, not local, should be put up in a hotel with a meeting place provided where the families can come for regular updates. This will relieve some stress from the families having to wait by the phone for updates, and for the company getting calls unexpectedly or at the wrong time. This place could serve a dual function as a place where families can go and seek empathy with other families, Minera San Esteban Primera should communicate in-person with the families as much as possible. They should provide updates via phone calls with set times to call. Electronic communication would be for faster if the families have access to this type of information. Other considerations are the employees who may have family members who are trapped. It is common in a work environment like this to have several members of one family working for the same company. Other employees may be minors who called in sick that day or were assigned to different projects. Minera San Esteban Primera will need to consider how they talk to employees to be sure sensitive information is not out before it should be. Some employees who have to work around the clock to make sure everything is taken care of. The families and employees need to know that their employer will do everything they can to help the miners as fast as they can. They should hold small to the point staff meetings to provide updates to the employees (Aniisu, n. d. ). They could even have a room where employees can come and watch for updates as they become available. The country came together suggesting ideas on how to get to the miners. It was important to ascertain if the miners were alive, to see if rescue was possible. Chilean government reached out to NASA for the assistance in communicating with the miners and could get lines of communication going. Once the Chilean authorities could confirm that they were all alive, the vital information had to get to the families and to the employees (Condon, 2010). Once communication lines were set up, family members were allowed to talk briefly to their trapped miners (Tabor, n. d. ). Even though it was only one minute, it was essential for the family to see that the minors were fine and no one was lied to. This also helped the miners’ mental state and encouraged them to stay strong until rescued. The employees were able to see live feed of the miners that helped them to feel as though Minera San Esteban Primera, NASA, and the Chilean government were, in fact, doing everything they could do to save the miners. As further mining operations were bound to happen employees would feel confident that their company would do what was necessary to ensure their wellbeing in the event of another collapse. References Aniisu, . (n. d. ). Internal Communications Pointers from the Chile Miners Rescue Mission. Retrieved from http://intraskope. wordpress. com/2010/10/15/internal-communications-pointers-from-the-chile-miners-rescue-mission/ Condon, K. (2010). Communication With Chilean Miners. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles. com/? Communication-With-Chilean-Miners&id=5391484 Tabor, J. M. (n. d. ). Jonathan Franklin’s â€Å"33 Men,† on the Chilean mine collapse. Retrieved from http://articles. washingtonpost. com/2011-03-18/entertainment/35259801_1_claudio-yanez-laurence-golborne-miners Weik, J. (n. d. ). Over 30 workers trapped

I do not know yet Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 14000 words

I do not know yet - Dissertation Example For instance, the qualitative research approach has been used to investigate the impact of the Chinese exchange rate policy on South East Asian Economies, as this requires a qualitative evaluation of the policy being followed by the Chinese government over the years. On the other hand, the quantitative research approach has been considered as justified in the evaluation of factors which influence the changes in the exchange rate of the Chinese Yuan and the US Dollar. The study has revealed that there has been a significant impact of the Chinese exchange rate policies on the ASEAN members’ preference for the Chinese Yuan as a currency for international settlements. In addition, the study has concluded that the exchange rate for Chinese Yuan against the US Dollar has been influenced by money supply in China, difference in real interest rate for China and the US and growth in inflation rates for China and the US. Acknowledgements I take this opportunity to acknowledge the help an d assistance of my supervisor, teachers and friends, who offered me unconditional support throughout the conduct of this study. Contents Abstract 2 Acknowledgements 3 Contents 4 List of Tables 7 List of Figures 8 Chapter 1 - Introduction 10 1.1.Background to the Context 10 1.2.Research Aim 11 1.3.Research Objectives 11 1.4.Research Questions 11 1.5.Importance of the Study 12 1.6.Ambit of the Study 12 1.7.Structure of the Research Report 12 Chapter 2 - Literature Review 15 2.1.Introduction 15 2.2.Chinese Exchange Rate Policy 15 2.3.Initiatives taken by United States to Influence the Chinese Exchange Rate Regime 21 2.4.The Relationship between Exchange Rate and Macroeconomic Variables 24 2.5.Chapter Summary 27 Chapter 3 - Research Methodology 28 3.1.Introduction 28 3.2.Research Approach 28 3.3.Data Collection and Information Sources 29 3.4.Data Analysis 30 3.4.1.Econometric Model 30 3.4.2.Descriptive and Graphical Illustration of Variables 31 3.5.Limitation of the Methodology Adopted 31 3.6.Ethical Issues and their Resolution 31 3.7.Chapter Summary 32 Chapter 4 - Influence of Chinese Exchange Rate Policy on South East Asian Economies 33 4.1.Introduction 33 4.2.Internationalization of Chinese RMB 33 4.3.Trade, Economic and Financial Integration between China and the Member of ASEAN 34 4.4.Chapter Summary 38 Chapter 5 - Factors Affecting Changes in Exchange Rate between the Chinese Yuan and the US Dollar 39 5.1.Introduction 39 5.2.Descriptive Analysis of Selected Variables 39 5.3.Relationship between Exchange Rate and Macroeconomic Variables - Findings from Regression Analysis 45 5.4.Chapter Summary 52 Chapter 6 - Conclusion and Recommendations 54 6.1.Test for the Validity of Research Hypotheses 54 6.2.Recommendations for Future Researchers 54 Bibliography 56 Appendix 62 List of Tables Table 1: Top 10 Import Origins for ASEAN (2010 - 2011) 34 Table 2: Top 10 Export Origins for ASEAN (2010 - 2011) 35 Table 3: Swap Agreements between China and Neighboring Countries 36 Table 4: Correlation Results between GDP Growth Rates of China and US (1980 – 2012) 41 Table 5: Regression Model Summary 45 Table 6: Values of Coefficients, Standard Errors and Significance Levels 46 List of Figures Figure 1: Chinese Yuan Settlements of Cross-Border Trade 37 Figure 2: Comparison of Exchange

Sensorineural hearing loss Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Sensorineural hearing loss - Essay Example Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is the defect of transmission of sound from cochlea due to this it results in sound distortion and brain is unable to perceive the correct sound. United States Census has reported 3% population suffering from hearing defect and most of the cases are due to congenital or genetic defects. Medical reasons for SNHL hearing loss include prebirth infections and teratogen exposure, perinatal issues include prematurity, low birth weight, anoxia and/or low Apgar scores, hyperbilirubinemia, or sepsis. In the infants, infections, such as meningitis or mumps can cause SNHL. Brain injury leads to both SNHL and CHL (Shah & Lotke, 2008). Congenital hearing loss is the hearing impairment right from the birth. In the congenital bilateral sensorineural deafness both ears are affected. This disability can be genetic or it can form during intrauterine growth (prenatal) or at the time of birth due to other factors, such as prenatal infections and environmental and teratogenic factors (CGC genetics, August 2009). The genetic factors are responsible for 50% of congenital hearing loss in which syndromic factors contribute to 30%; while nonsyndromic factors contribute to 70% ((CGC genetics, August 2009). This congenital bilateral sensorineural deafness is the most common hearing disorder in developed countries. It has been reported that 0.2% newborns suffers from bilateral permanent sensorineural hearing loss of ≠¥ 40 dB. When the child reaches his adolescent age, this figure is increased to 0.33%. Hearing impairment might lead to delaying of all the developmental domains including cognitive, emotional, social, and speech and language impairment (Polinski, 2003). Speech and language impairment hampers social, behavioral and learning growth due to faulty communication. Language disorders make the children nonreceptive of other’s language and also they are not able to express themselves properly and adequately. This consequently leads to undeveloped

Hamlet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 9

Hamlet - Essay Example The general male attitude towards women is well elucidated by Hamlet in Act II, Scene 2: â€Å"Frailty, thy name is woman† (Shakespeare, 29). Women were not considered able to think rationally and cleverly or worthy of being educated, take up employment, vote or hold public office. As a result, women lost their identity by meekly permitting themselves to be molded by the men in their lives (Brown). Gertrude and Ophelia, the two female characters in Elsinore, the Danish Royal Castle that is the epicenter of ‘Hamlet,’ are no exception. Although both are very beautiful, they are greatly disadvantaged due to the absence of female tradition and the absence of any significant female influence (like a mother or sister). They are dominated by the men in their lives. The hierarchy needed the presence of docile females so that they men could wield roles of power; Gertrude and Ophelia are such perfect docile foils to the dominant males in their lives (Brown). Both are depicted as weak and not self-reliant. They are both unable to think on their own and arrive at logical conclusions, but rely on the men in their lives to take decisions on their behalf (Angelfire.com). Gertrude tamely lets her life be molded by the three dominant males in her life – her first husband King Hamlet, her second husband Claudius and her son Hamlet. When King Hamlet dies, Gertrude is suddenly bereft of a major person who controlled her actions and identity. Acting by instinct, she makes haste to find a replacement as quickly as possible. In Act 1, Scene 2, she marries her brother-in-law Claudius just two months after King Hamlet’s death, well knowing that in those days a widow’s act of remarrying her husband’s brother was looked upon as incest (Melani). In an indication that shows Gertrude has never exercised the freedom or power of independent

Experimental versus Non-Experimental Research Assignment

Experimental versus Non-Experimental Research - Assignment Example They produce different research results and findings and this helps to draw conclusions and different responses to given studies. The purpose of this study is to compare and contrast experimental and non-experimental quantitative research approaches. In order to complete this research, the following objectives are going to be explored: Quantitative research is a systematic empirical investigation of a given social phenomenon and it employs various statistical and mathematical techniques to define the variables and measure them in order to draw a conclusion (Nykiel, 2012). Quantitative research is an empirical research that seeks to use mathematical and other statistical methods to evaluate a given research topic. Quantitative research involves the development of an appropriate method and an appropriate approach to study a given phenomenon. Measurement is a distinct and unique aspect of quantitative research. This is because quantitative research involves finding ways and means to measure a given set of data objectively in order to draw a conclusion on the research variables (Carter & Thomas, 2010). This is done by formulating a hypothesis and evaluating the hypothesis through the observation of specific elements and aspects of interest (Macnee & McCabe, 2012). Therefore, there is the need for some kind of variables that can be numerically measured and analyzed in order to draw a conclusion on the subjects at hand and the matter being studied. Therefore, quantitative research is an empirical observation and a mathematical expression of the relationship between the variables (Lodico, Spaulding, & Voegtle, 2012). The main approach that is used in quantitative research is to define a hypothesis and operationalize the research. Operationalization of a research is done through the definition of variables and putting the variables in a way and manner in which they can be measured and matched against each other.  Ã‚  

GDP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

GDP - Essay Example As per the UN system, presentation of statistical record of GDP is the basic requirement for receiving financial loan or World Bank aid. The positive change in the GDP level, after consuming such loan is an indication that the financial aid has really helped the country. Around a few decades back, the military might was an indicator that displayed the country’s superiority and well-being perfection. However, now it is the economic independence and power, which has taken this place. Hence, an administrator or chief executive of any country is judged by the change in GDP levels that the person could manage, while heading the affairs of the country. During 1930s and 1940s, Gross National Product (GNP) became the tool to measure the country’s progress and prosperity level. GDP has carried this legacy to measure the nation’s living standard in terms of Gross Domestic Product. GDP is a good tool to analyze any country’s output and consumption data. This gives an indication of the goods produced in that country along with the rate of consumption of these goods by the people of specific country. However, this measurement was more accurate during the days when different nations had closed economy. With globalization, the world trade has received new boost, which encourages almost all nations to throw open its economy. This has resulted in synchronization of world economies. Hence, GDP can now be seen as a tool that measures economic prosperity of any nation in terms of change in the volume of trade conducted by the country within a specific period. However, GDP does not take into consideration the amount of domestic work for calculating the figures. The early inventors of GDP like Simon Kuznets and John Maynard Keynes did not take into account the amount of work done for doing different domestic chores like dish washing or laundry and

Federal regulations and federal agencies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Federal regulations and federal agencies - Essay Example Banerjee (2009) explains that despite research being the basis of the industry’s product development, pharmaceutical companies still spend more than twice on marketing as much as they spend on research and development. This establishes a motivation into ethical manners such as corporate social responsibility that is likely to develop associations with consumers and establish a competitive edge into profitability. Consumers would appreciate the responsible initiatives and prefer organizations’ products for their social actions and increased sales volume, into higher profits, over competitors would be the consequence. The fear possible and unfavorable legal regulations should organizations fail to act ethically is another reason for my belief that pharmaceutical company would consider ethical manners, even in the absence of legal rules. Legal regulations may induce mandatory cost of compliance that would otherwise be avoided. Failure to comply with legal regulations, even if it is accidental, may attract monetary policies, unlike failure to comply with moral rules and in order to avoid possibility of such fines and possible deregistration, pharmaceutical companies would prefer to operate ethically (Lamb, Hair, and McDaniel, 2011). Profit motive and the need to avoid legal regulation would therefore dictate ethical

Population Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Population - Research Paper Example Countries Rank by Total Fertility Rate (TFR) Rank Countries Children Born /Woman Date of Information 1 Zambia 5.81 2013 2 Nigeria 5.31 2013 3 Tanzania 5.01 2013 4 Senegal 4.61 2013 5 Ghana 4.12 2013 6 Cameroon 4.00 2013 7 Kenya 3.76 2013 8 Zimbabwe 3.58 2013 9 Egypt 2.90 2013 10 Kuwait 2.56 2013 11 South Africa 2.25 2013 12 United States 2.06 2013 13 United Kingdom 1.90 2013 14 Brazil 1.81 2013 15 China 1.55 2013 Source: (3Central Intelligence Agency 2013). ... For example, developing countries such as Zambia and Cameroon rank higher in terms of TFR and MMR than developed countries such as the US and the UK. Correspondingly, it can be stated that there exists a direct relationship between TFR and MMR. Evidently, the decline in fertility leads to decrease in the exposure of risks associated with maternal mortality and vice versa (1Central Intelligence Agency 2013; 2Central Intelligence Agency 2013) Rank the Countries by Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) Rank Countries Death/1000 Live Births Date of Information 1 Nigeria 72.97 2013 2 Zambia 68.58 2013 3 Cameroon 58.51 2013 4 Senegal 53.93 2013 5 Tanzania 45.10 2013 6 Kenya 42.18 2013 7 South Africa 42.15 2013 8 Ghana 39.70 2013 9 Zimbabwe 27.25 2013 10 Egypt 23.30 2013 11 Brazil 19.83 2013 12 China 15.20 2013 13 Kuwait 7.68 2013 14 United States 5.90 2013 15 United Kingdom 4.50 2013 Source: (Central Intelligence Agency 2013). Rank by Life Expectancy at Birth Rank Countries Years Date of Information 1 United Kingdom 80.29 2013 2 United States 78.62 2013 3 Kuwait 77.46 2013 4 China 74.99 2013 5 Egypt 73.19 2013 6 Brazil 73.02 2013 7 Ghana 65.32 2013 8 Kenya 63.29 2013 9 Tanzania 60.76 2013 10 Senegal 60.57 2013 11 Cameroon 55.02 2013 12 Zimbabwe 53.86 2013 13 Nigeria 52.46 2013 14 Zambia 51.51 2013 15 South Africa 49.48 2013 Source: (1Central Intelligence Agency 2013). Population Growth Rate (Measured By Total Fertility Rate) Varies With Infant Mortality Rate and Life Expectancy at Birth It has been determined from the above presented charts that infant mortality rate is higher in developing countries than developed countries. On the contrary, life expectancy rate at birth is higher in developed countries than developing countries. Correspondingly,

The Influence of Society Essay Example for Free

The Influence of Society Essay Without society we don’t have some form of structure to keep us from overcoming selfishness. In the novel Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley and Macbeth by William Shakespeare, the obsession for power and knowledge is well brought forth in the characters of the text. In the beginning Macbeth and Victor Frankenstein are well respected. Then, the two characters remove themselves from society causing their great obsessions to over-power them, in which they lose control. Macbeth and Frankenstein lose their original reputations when they remove themselves from society and their own identities become consumed by an obsession for power. Both Macbeth and Frankenstein are originally well-respected members of their community. Macbeth is a loyal friend to the king and was known for his bravery in fighting. â€Å"Conduct me to mine host. We love him highly/ and shall continue our graces towards him. †(I. V. 30-31). Duncan is saying how he thinks very highly of Macbeth and favors him, proving Macbeth’s honorable reputation. Victor Frankenstein is a well-known man for his knowledge and understanding in the sciences. Curiosity, earnest research to learn the hidden laws of nature, gladness akin to rapture, as they were unfolded to me, are among the earliest sensations I can remember. (Shelley 31). Frankenstein’s reputation was based on his fascination for science and his commitment to it. Macbeth and Victor Frankenstein were both well known in their communities and highly thought of. Soon both Macbeth and Victor lose the connection they have to society by removing themselves from it so they can focus on their individual goals. Macbeth unconsciously slowly starts to remove himself from society when his desire for ultimate power takes over as he decides he will stop at nothing to be in control and become king. â€Å"The prince of Cumberland! That is a step/on which I must fall down, or else oerleap,/for in my way it lies. Stars, hide your fires;/let not light see my black and deep desires. /The eye wink at the hand, yet let that be/Which the eye fears, when it is done, to see. †(I. IV. 50-55). Macbeth is at the point where he starts to remove himself from society and is becoming consumed with his obsession of being king and having power. Frankenstein’s love for science turns into an obsession when he gets to the point where he attempts to play god. After days and nights of incredible labour and fatigue, I succeeded in discovering the cause of generation and life; nay, more, I became myself capable of bestowing animation upon lifeless matter. (Shelley 30). Frankenstein has cut himself out from the world and is consumed in his obsession to give life. Macbeth and Frankenstein seclude themselves from society because of Macbeth’s obsession for power and to have control, and Frankenstein’s obsession to be god and create life to prove his knowledge. Both Macbeth and Frankenstein ev entually lose their identities in society when they give in to their obsessions for power. Macbeth loses his identity after giving into his obsession of being king and killing Duncan and Banquo. â€Å"Prithee, see there! Behold! Look! Lo! How say you? /Why, what care I? If thou canst nod, speak too. /if charnel houses and our graves must send/those that we bury back, our monuments/shall be the maws of kites. †(III. iv. 72-76). Macbeth has officially lost his identity when he sees Banquo’s ghost and starts acting crazy infront of his guests and they are starting to question if Macbeth is guilty for Duncan’s death. Victor Frankenstein has a loss of identity when he becomes a mad scientist and digs up graves for corpse, sew pieces together, and then brought the results to life. )We can see how a person who lives within a society, interacting on a regular basis with others, tends to follow and respect the standards, morals and cultural traditions of their society. When a person removes themselves from society because they have become obsessed with singular or private pursuit, and that obsession is greater than everything and everyone else in their life, they can become very selfish, self-cent ered, self-serving, and in the case of Frankenstein and Macbeth, evil. In the case of Frankenstein, he came from a loving family, who supported him and was a good man until he became obsessed with creating a monster and isolated himself from his family and others as he built his monster. In the end Frankenstein realizes that he has disrupted the balance of nature and confesses to it: â€Å"How dangerous is the acquirement of knowledge and how much happier that man is who believes his native town to be the world, than he who aspires to be greater than his nature will allow. †(Shelley, 87). In the case of Macbeth, he had a pretty good life. He had a good marriage and was good friends with the king, until he became obsessed with being king and ruined his marriage and his life. Macbeth and Frankenstein obsession for power results in the removal from society, which makes them lose their original reputation. The two characters go from having a good reputation in society to being consumed by their obsessions for power of control and power of giving and creating life. This caused Macbeth and Frankenstein to lose their identities.

The Lesson by Tony Cade Bambara Essay Example for Free

The Lesson by Tony Cade Bambara Essay We all learn differently. We can learn from books, from other’s life. We can also learn the hard way and easy way. Either way, learning can be painful for all of us. Especially for children who have to experience the real life around them. The short story â€Å"The Lesson† by Toni Carde Bambara, shows seven poor children who experience where they are a level of economy the hard way. Even though it hurts for the seven children to force the lesson down their throats, such lesson become the lesson that is necessary and valuable for them to change their life in the future. Bambaras short story The Lesson, starts out with seven children: Sylvia, Sugar, Junebug, Fat Butt, Mercedes, Rosie Girrafe, Flyboy, who live in a poor neighborhood. Sylvia is the main character in the story, from the way she speaks in the story; she is an uneducated child, same as the other six children who are with her at the time. Miss Moore is the educated woman in Sylvias neighborhood with the college degree. Miss Moore usually calls all the children to learn some information, such as arithmetic, money and other educated information. None of the children enjoy Miss Moores lecture when Miss Moore gathers them up at the mailbox. After the lecture, Miss Moore decided to bring the children to the expensive toy store called F.A.O Schwartz. All children are stunned at the expensive toys, especially Sylvia. Not only Sylvia is amazed, but also angry and ashamed at the same time, but not sure where she should express her anger to. Sylvia learns the hard way what kind of economic position she is in. From that lesson, she learns a way to make herself work hard to compete and survive in her economic life. The symbolism in The Lesson starts out with the mailbox that the children gather around with. Before Miss Moore takes them out to see a toy store called F.A.O Schwartz, all of the children, Sylvia, Sugar, Mercedes, Junebug, Fat Butt, Q.T, Flyboy, and Rosie Giraffe come together at the mailbox to learn a lesson from Miss Moore. A mailbox is a box where a mail can be sent or received. The children can be seen as the mail ready to be sent out to learn some new knowledge about life. Another symbol is the toys that the ch ildren observe while they are at the toy store. One of the toys is a sailboat. Sailboat is used to bring people out to the sea to travel or learn new experiences. The Sailboat represents the children being sent out to discover new experiences about life. Another toy that the children observe is the microscope. Microscope is used to see invisible bacteria. The microscope represents some kind of reminder for the children to see their real life and what kind of economic position they are in. Another symbolism is the clown toy that Sylvia admired. The toy is a clown which can be represent as a joke to Sylvia. The clown costs $35, which is expensive for Sylvia at the time. She imagined how many foods and home appliance can her family buy with that $35. The clown represent as a joke and a reminder at the same time to Sylvia economics position. Each character is represented differently in the story. In addition, the children also respond differently to the toys that they have been seeing. The main character, Sylvia, is the character who is stubborn and bad mannered. However, she can also be the clever one because she stole four dollars from Miss Moore’s taxi change. Even though Sylvia complain and criticize Miss Moore, in her mind, she realizes that she actually learn a valuable lesson after her visits to F.A.O Schwartz, only she does not want to express it to Miss Moore. In the end of the story, Sylvia mentions at the end â€Å"†¦ain’t nobody gonna beat me at nothin.† Sylvia knows that deep in her mind, she needs to work harder in order to compete against other people who are above her economic level. From the way Sylvia is angry at the store, it is clear that it is not easy for Sylvia to see where she is economically. Even though the lesson that Miss Moore gives can be a stab in the heart for Sylvia and the other children, the lesson becomes to be the valuable one for them because they will remember to work harder and change their life. In page 2001, Miss Moore gives a lecture about money and how poor they are. Sylvia, on the other hand, seems to disagree on that because she is trying to speak and talk back to Miss Moore until the taxi came. The children do not seem to respond very well to Miss Moore’s lectures. However, they respond and understand the lesson better after they experience the reality of where they are economically. The children’s characters show that even though learning a lesson can be a pain for children, it is still important for them to learn. When the children complain about not being able to buy the toys, the complaints show that they are in different level of economy. Mercedes seems to be the only ones with positive thoughts. For example, in page 2002, when they talked about  paperweight, Mercedes is the only one who mentions that she has stationery and a desk, while the others say that they do not even have a desk to place a paperweight with. Also in page 2004, Mercedes is pushes out of the group when she said she will go back to the store when she has the money. In addition, Flyboy seems the be to most poor child in the group because he mentions he does not have a home (2002). The group, however, do not seem to favor the ones who is too rich or too poor. For example, Sylvia says that the white people just want to feel sorry for Flyboy when he mentions he does not have a home. The group also pushes Mercedes out of the circle because she is the one who has enough. This show the children started to be able to discern the different level of economy, and start to see how unfair their life is in a democracy country. From â€Å"The Lesson,† we can see how hard, yet important it is for children to learn real life experiences. Bambara uses the children characters because they are the ones who have more chances to change to way economy works in the future. Even though it hurts for children to see where they are economically, especially the poor ones, by giving them a lesson, they will remember and learn what they must do to change their life.

Developing Resiliency Skills in Childhood

Developing Resiliency Skills in Childhood Arti Pasrija Issues in Young Child and Care Research Question: Is it important to teach and foster resilience skills in early years of childhood? Adversity or negative experiences are faced by all children in their childhood. For example, when a child is trying to learn a new skill on the first day of his/her school, a child maybe suffering from some medical condition or when a child faces a difficult task. In contrast to the above said, whatever are the sources of adverse circumstances or negative experiences, resilience skill makes children mentally tough, helps them to resist the urge to give up in the face of failures and makes them strong to cope with adverse situations (Pearce, 2011). Resilience underpins development of life-long barriers that promote well-being. It is not surprising then, resilience makes children competent to remain focused, composed , optimistic, and more capable to overcome challenges (Khanlou Wray, 2014). In addition, resilience power helps children to rebound and bounce back into the community, despite experiencing negative incidents or adversities (Prince-Embury Saklofske, 2013). Moreover, resilience construct has brought about a paradigm shift from deficit-based approach to a strength based approach and relies on young children’s strengths rather than emphasizing their deficits (Khanlou Wray, 2014). Furthermore , strength based approach fosters development of socio-emotional skills, crucial to children’s well being and enables them to have a sense of connectedness, belonging, self-awareness, and self identity in the social environment (Gilligan, 2008). It is essential therefore, to promote resilience in early childhood (Ca baj, McDonald, Tough, 2013). Mental health problems are experienced by about one in eight children in the world and these problems may continue when they are coupled with unfavourable psychosocial, educational, and health outcomes in adolescence and adulthood. Subsequently, preparing young children to be resilient is a vital step, conditions them to deal with challenges that lie ahead in adulthood. Therefore, resilient children when nurtured with coping skills in childhood are able to live a live with a sense of well-being, despite experiencing negative situations such as divorce, stress adversity or loss of job in adulthood (Cabaj et al., 2013). Evidence based research shows that practitioners must apply appropriate resilience intervention techniques, that are integrated with protective factors in children’s different aspects of everyday life (Cabaj et al., 2013). Moreover, practitioners must situate protective factors that support children’s social and emotional well being in their ecological soc ial environment (Daniel Wassell, 2002). Thus, protective factors support children to develop, repair, maintain, or regain their mental health, despite exposure to adversity (Pierce Zand, 2009). Poverty, violence, substance abuse, family discords are some common examples of potential vulnerabilities that children face in their early childhood. These children at risk may stand a remote chance of attaining their full potential as adults or may be incompetent in adulthood to establish healthy relationships with others if they are not prepared to be resilient (Zolkoski Bullock, 2012).Thus, I want to be a part of this initiative, prepare children to be resilient, help in creating social systems where children are provided with ample opportunities to develop their healthy cognitive and social-emotional skills (Cefai, 2008). This endeavor will help children to become more positive and motivated to cope with everyday challenges, overcome their failures, strength to face adversity and trauma , to be able to solve their problems, relate with others, and treat themselves and others with respect throughout their lifespan (Goldstein Brooks, 2013). References Cabaj, J. L., McDonald, S. W., Tough, S. C. (2013). Early childhood risk and resilience factors for behavioural and emotional problems in middle childhood. BMC pediatrics, 14 (1), 166-166. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-166 Cefai, C. (2008). Promoting resilience in the classroom: A guide to developing pupils emotional and cognitive skills. Philadelphia, PA; London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Daniel, B., Wassell, S. (2002). School years: Assessing and promoting resilience in vulnerable children. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Gilligan, R. (2008). Promoting resilience: BAAF. Goldstein, S., Brooks, R. B. (2013). Handbook of resilience in children (2nd Edition). Boston, MA: Springer US. Khanlou, N., Wray, R. (2014). A whole community approach toward child and youth resilience promotion: A review of resilience literature. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 12 (1), 64-79. doi: 10.1007/s11469-013-9470-1 Pearce, C. (2011). A Short introduction to promoting resilience in children. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Pierce, K. J., Zand, D. H. (2009). Resilience in deaf children: Adaptation through emerging adulthood: Springer New York. Prince-Embury, S., Saklofske, D. H. (2013). Resilience in children, adolescents, and adults: Translating research into practice. New York: Springer New York. Zolkoski, S. M., Bullock, L. M. (2012). Resilience in children and youth: A review. Children and Youth Services Review, 34 (12), 2295-2303. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.08.009 Annotated Bibliography Cabaj, J. L., McDonald, S. W., Tough, S. C. (2013). Early childhood risk and resilience factors for behavioural and emotional problems in middle childhood. BMC pediatrics, 14 (1), 166-166. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-166 This article illustrates a recent study on mothers and children of an urban state called Calgary in Canada. They have been followed since prenatal period and surveyed regularly. The purpose of this research was to inform others about mental disorders prevalent in children that may be restored through early identification and use of protective factors. In addition, research evidence shows that protective factors integrated with interventions can be effective in reducing risk of poor outcomes for children. The research also clarifies that some youth who are entirely free from risk, have the privilege of being surrounded with protective factors. Thus, this research provides information and evidence that proves that protective factors do have a significant role to play in reducing the negative impacts on children and adolescents diagnosed with mental disorders or problem behaviours. Cefai, C. (2008). Promoting resilience in the classroom: A guide to developing pupils emotional and cognitive skills. Philadelphia, PA; London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Author has created a handbook that can help teachers and practitioners to nurture resilience in vulnerable children. The handbook proposes various ways that schools can implement to foster positive qualities such as social competence, problem solving skills, autonomy, and a sense of purpose in children needed to overcome negative experiences. The author has cited many case studies to make readers aware of classroom activities and strategies that can be used to foster cognitive and social-emotional competence. Moreover, the handbook explores a range of classroom practices that can be followed by educators to enhance resilience skills in children. The handbook is a valuable resource for educators and provides practical guidance on how to apply creative and practical possibilities in classroom practice to promote positive school climate that can help in preparing children to have resilient mindsets. Daniel, B., Wassell, S. (2002). School years: Assessing and promoting resilience in vulnerable children. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Authors have created an interesting workbook that can help practitioners to promote resilience in young children. The book explores protective factors and adverse environments and provides a framework of assessments at child’s all three ecological social levels. Moreover, the workbook also includes interventions that can be followed by early childhood practitioners while working with children at risk to boost their resilient power. Additionally, book suggests various ways of fostering resilience in children and encourages practitioners to place interventions in the child’s ecological framework. Furthermore, the book links assessments and interventions to child’s specific areas of life such as home, aptitudes, relationships with others, and friendships. This book is a very useful resource for practitioners as the authors have explicitly described techniques for application of assessments and interventions that can help in promoting positive behaviour in children. Gilligan, R. (2008). Promoting resilience: BAAF. The key theme that runs through this book is the growth of positive psychology and strength based perspective that allows a new way to look into human development and behaviour. This shift has given rise to resilience and sets the stage to think about children in need. Promotion of resilience dynamics allows children to feel loved, protected, acknowledged, complimented and encouraged. These skills allow children to conquer risk. The author in this book provides numerous ways that can help in promoting resilience in early childhood. This book inspires me to adopt the philosophy of resilience and explains the concept of resilience through many examples and suggestions. Goldstein, S., Brooks, R. B. (2013). Handbook of resilience in children (2nd Edition). Boston, MA: Springer US. This book has co-authors and provides readers with understanding and theories about the power of resilience an emerging field. The authors have examined the this emerging field of resilience and focused not only on individuals who overcame adverse circumstances, but also explore more about qualities of resilience that can be applied to all individuals, even though they may have not experienced any significant adverse situations. We have come to appreciate that the qualities of resilience examined scientifically in this volume can in fact protect and insulate not only children at risk, but all of us. This handbook is a valuable resource and aims to provide readers with resilient qualities that have been scientifically examined by the authors to protect not only children at risk but insulate all of us. Moreover, the handbook has been successful in describing resilient qualities that can be natured by parents and educators to shape up children’s future. Khanlou, N., Wray, R. (2014). A whole community approach toward child and youth resilience promotion: A review of resilience Literature. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 12 (1), 64-79. doi: 10.1007/s11469-013-9470-1 This is a literature review and the authors conducted the research in three steps. They reviewed peer published articles since the year 2000, review of grey literature and quasi-realist synthesis of evidence to bring out reliable findings. Child and youth resilience were the focus of the literature review and was conducted on three perspectives; 1) whether interventions can help in building resilience; 2) effects of crisis among different populations; and, 3) indicators that prove positive effects of resilience interventions on health and social outcomes. The review includes definitions and aspects of resilience, relationships of resilience with mental health and social reactions, and provides suggestions to include family, and environmental factors while promoting resilience with the help of interventions. I was able to have a clear understanding of resilience construct, as the information was presented in a very well-defined and clear. Moreover, the knowledge gained through this re view will be useful in my practice later. Pearce, C. (2011). A Short introduction to promoting Resilience in children. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. This book seeks to explain what resilience is and how it can be fostered in children. It also discusses about building resilience in children, which is a universal concern for parents, care- givers, and educators and everyone wants to shield and protect children from physical and emotional distress. The book is supported with many examples and detailed explanation of nurturing resilience in children and also mentions key factors of resilience such as biological, psychological, and environmental aspects that influence resilience. Additionally, reader is also able get lot of clarity on the interaction and implications of these factors. Moreover, author has presented some strategies that allow the reader to understand how to foster resilience in children and can encourage them to increase their coping capacity with adversity. Moreover, this is a helpful resource for parents, care givers, and educators to have an overview, insight, and awareness, as they all play a critical role in promo ting resilience in children. Pierce, K. J., Zand, D. H. (2009). Resilience in deaf children: Adaptation through emerging adulthood: Springer New York. In this book, the contributing authors highlight family system as a focal point that nurtures resilience for a deaf individual. The book lays its foundation on evidence based research, firmly believes that positive and supportive family are the key factors that help in developing resilience for deaf children. In addition, authors have offered valuable information and opportunities to parents, children, teachers, and other professionals in the community that can support fostering of resilience in deaf children and the ability to handle stressful events. This book provides refreshing lens to enable readers to relook at the positive attributes strengths, and capabilities of deaf children that can help in nurturing resilience in their early phase of life. Moreover, the book hopes that people realize that deaf also can contribute to the society. Prince-Embury, S., Saklofske, D. H. (2013). Resilience in children, adolescents, and adults: Translating research into practice. New York: Springer New York. Resilience in Children, Adolescents, and Adults This book acknowledges the need to re-establish the link between theory, assessments, interventions assessments, and outcomes that can give a firm experimental base to resilience construct. This will result in more practical applications of effective assessments and interventions. The book has provided readers with easy to understand and apply assessment tools and interventions for diverse population and perspectives. Moreover, the book has shared case studies with readers that exhibit practical applications of resilience interventions and interpretations of assessments. As the book is embedded in the context of disaster and enlightens the readers about cultural considerations and age-appropriate interventions that are most needed for all the professionals in the field of psychology to have a strength-based practice. Zolkoski, S. M., Bullock, L. M. (2012). Resilience in children and youth: A review. Children and Youth Services Review, 34 (12), 2295-2303. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.08.009 This article is based on a literature review which gives readers an overview of longitudinal studies dating back to the 1970s to the present on children born in high-risk conditions. The research findings confirm that often children at risk stand remote chances of attaining their full potential in adulthood. These individuals may be incapable of developing social competence. However, the findings also showed that some of youth in spite of growing up in high-risk environments, did develop social competence and were able to lead successful lives. These young adults are considered to be resilient and have strength gained from protective factors that help them to overcome adversity and succeed in life. The review makes it easy for the reader to understand more about environmental factors that situate children and youth at-risk as well as what protective factors can be fostered to build resilience in children. In addition, the research recommends readers to develop resilient building interventions in children’s context, crucial for their psychosocial development and research knowledge can prove to be beneficial for educators to improve and build positive resili ent populations.